Aircraft Aluminum Sheet

The Aluminium Alloy Plate In Aircraft & Aerospace Application

The use of Aluminum Alloys In Aircraft Construction

Welcome

Aluminum alloy sheets are often a preferred material for aerospace designs and required by engineering due to its corrosion-resistance properties and high strength capabilities. Compared to steel it is a lightweight option, and an ideal material for a wide range of aircraft components and aerospace applications.

Aluminium alloys cover in most planes up to 80% of the material that is used. Its low mass density, high specific strength and good elastic stiffness, excellent ductility and high corrosion resistance, modest price and very good manufacturability (extrusion, roling, bending, welding, repairability, additive manfacturing) render aluminium alloys the most important aerospace materials. Therefore, aluminium alloys are the material of choice in multiple aerospace structural applications, e.g. the panels used for the entire outer fuselage, upper and lower wing skins, and wing stringers, etc.

Aerospace Aluminum Grades

The most widely consumed aluminium alloys in aerospace industries are the Al-Cu alloys (2xxx series), Al-Zn alloys (7xxx series) and Al-Li alloys.

2xxx series Alloys

Aluinium sheet Al-Cu alloys

"2xxx series alloys are mainly used where high damage tolerance and fracture toughness are essential features. AA2024 is one of the most commonly used Al alloys in fuselage structures due to its excellent damage tolerance at T3 condition. Yet, its limited yield strength ranges (345 MPa) and fracture toughness ( 37 MPa·m0.5) restrict its application and it has been replaced by AA2524-T3 in the fabrication of many aircraft such in the as Boeing 777 aircraft, which has 15% to 20% improved fracture toughness resulting in 30% to 40% weight reduction."

"AA2224 and AA2324 provide enhanced strength and are used in the lower wing skin. AA2026 is considered an excellent replacement of AA2024 because of its better damage tolerance and fatigue resistance, as well as higher strength."

7xxx series

Aluinium plate Al-Zn alloys

The advanced AA7xxx series alloys are widely applied in the aerospace components where high strength is the driving requirement, including upper wing skins, horizontal and vertical stabilizers and wing stringers. AA7075-T6 has been used as an airframe material since the 1940s because of its relatively high specific strength (204 kN·m/kg) and low price. However, the susceptibility to corrosion of this alloy reduced the life of the airframe components, which has led to its replacement by new AA7xxx series alloys in many applications. For example, AA7475 has higher yield strength (490 MPa) and a better combination of corrosion resistance and fracture toughness ( 33 MPa·m0.5), which makes it an ideal replacement for AA7075.

Another high performance alloy AA7050 is used in fuselage frames and bulkheads as a form of thick plate (the best thickness ranges from 76 mm to 152 mm), and the sheet materials are used to fabricate wing skins.

The yield stress of AA7055-T7751 can reach 620 MPa with high fracture toughness and corrosion resistance. The application of this alloy in components in the Boeing 777 reduced the airplane weight by 635 kg.

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